The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory is a solar Observatory owned and operated by the Indian Institute of Astrophysics. It is loacted on the Southern tip of Palani Hills which is 4km away from the Kodaikanal town. The Evershed effect was first detected at this observatory in January 1909 the solar data collected from the lab is the most oldest series in India. Precise observations of the equatorial electrojet are made here due to the different geography of Kodaikanal. Ionospheric soundings, geomagnetic, F region vertical dirft and surface observations are made here regularly. In the early year 1881 Mr.Blanford the Meteorological Reporter to the government of Indian recommended the improvement of the work of solar observations in order to give the correct measures of the sun’s heating power at the earth’s surface and its periodic variations. In July 20 1893 Madras Presidency underscored the need for the study of the sun to better understand monsoon patterns a meeting of the U.K Secretary of state. Lord Kelvin decided to establish a solar physics observatory at Kodaikanal based on its southern,dust free,high altitude location.After that many astronomers from Kodaikanal moved to Bangalore to work for Indian Institute of Astrophysics. Many observations have been done and discovered in Bear Solar Observatory in Kodaikanal.